Speaking in Tongues

... Or tungs or tongs or any number of different spellings through the years as detailed by Bill Bryson's incredibly funny book 'The Mother tongue' - a history of the Engish Language. It had me nearly in splits with commentary about the change and growth of the language and the people who used it; comments such as "It was an age when sensibilities grep so delicate that one lady was reported to have dressed her goldfish in miniature suits for the sake of propriety and a certain Madame de la Bresse left her fortune to provide clothing for the snowmen of Paris.", when talking about the prudery of the Victorian Age- when words such as 'legs' and 'stomach' were dismissed from polite company.

Besides being amusing the book provides a really interesting insight into how a language once spoken in one small village in Europe was carried over to the island of Britain from where it proceeded to take over the world (cue maniacal laughter).

First the Anglo-Saxons (who conquered the Celts in Britain) after whom the language was named, then the Normans from whose language English gets much of its vocabulary- though Bryson mentions that, curiously, a lot of the most basic words - in, on, at, the etc, in fact, most of the commonly used words remain Anglo-Saxon in origin.

All through, what becomes clear is that it is the openness of English to change, that has allowed it to spread so far. That in allowing people to adapt the language to their local needs(and sometimes adding words from their native tongues that are now used globally), it has become a global language.

There is something to be thankful for then, in that all those who tried to standardize the language- and there are some famous names here- such as Samuel Johnson (who was not successful) and some not so famous ones Robert Lowth (who, sadly for us was successful- it seems some of the more ridiculous laws of grammar that we follow can me attributed to him).

I most enjoyed though the chapters that dealt with the differences in American, British and occasionally, Australian English, as well as the regional dialects in each. Also very amusing were the chapters on British (and American) names, and on Swearing.

While people have criticized the book for its inaccuracies- such as perpetuating the myth that there are fifty different words for snow in Eskimo- I think its sort of like criticizinf Wikipedia for not being an accurate source of information. It isn't to be used as a primary source (which I think would be fairly obvious), but is meant as a starting point for interested people, and it certainly provides enough references for those who wish to dig deeper into the subject.